In Vitro Cytotoxicity Screening as a Criterion for the Rational Selection of Tear Substitutes

A large number of artificial tears are currently available in the pharmaceutical market. Selecting the right drug for the patient remains a challenge for both the doctor and the patient. Comparing the cytotoxicity of artificial tears is one of the criteria for the rational selection of a drug that promotes maximum clinical efficacy and a higher safety profile. It is known that cells grown in vitro retain many metabolic features of the parent host tissues and at the same time lack tissue and organ interrelations and regulatory effects of the nervous and endocrine systems and have very limited compensatory capabilities. These features of cell cultures provide an opportunity to investigate the interaction of chemical agents directly with the cell itself, to identify changes in cellular and subcellular structures that can be masked in whole-organism settings. This study presents the results of assessing the cytotoxicity of tear substitutes, which demonstrate that these drugs can have a cytostatic effect in vitro and differ in their cytotoxic potential. In recent years, the problem of drug therapy of patients with dry eye syndrome has been attracting increasing attention of ophthalmologists, so screening the cytotoxicity of a wide range of tear substitutes using cell culture-based test systems can promote the rational selection of these drugs

Marginal Political Practices of Youth as a Communication Trend in the Post-Politics Era

The article examines the marginal political practices of young people as a way of communicating with the authorities. Such characteristics of political practices of young people as virulence, diversification, non-normality and hybridity have been revealed. Based on the analysis of political cases of recent years, the most popular marginal political practices, meme practices, the battle of sticker packs, hashtags, etc. have been identified. The main research method was trend watching. In the course of the study, the value-semantic grounds for the application of marginal political practices by young people and their legal regulation by the state were identified. The analysis showed that the popularity of marginal political practices as a way of communication between young people and the authorities lies in the imperfection of the organisation of power in the Russian Federation. As a result, possible steps were identified that government institutions and individual officials can take to construct a productive dialogue with young people. In the conclusion, the results of the study are summarised, including the unpredictability of the outcomes of the use of marginal practices, their excessive legalisation and social partnership as the most effective way of their constructivisation.The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and ANO EISI (Autonomous Non-Commercial Organisation, Expert Institute for Social Research), Project no. 20-011-31736

2-aminoaethanesulfonic acid compounds possess protective property in reperfusion-induced heart jnjury

The study aim was to explore pharmacological effects of 2-aminoaethansulfonic acid compounds in reperfusion-induced heart injury. The study was performed on rats and dogs of both sexes, isolated rats’ hearts. Two compounds of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, magnesium-containing (LBK-527) and phenylacetamide-containing (LKhT-317) were investigate

Tea Antioxidants

In thе paper, antioxidant activity (AOA) of tea infusions as a function of infusion time and type or brand of teas as well as a concentration of caffeine were measured. The main components of green tea infusions are identified as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and caffeine. It has been shown that the antioxidant activity depends on the time of infusion and the degree of tea grinding. while there is a linear dependence between AOA and concentration of caffeine in tea. Thus the only method to reduce content of caffeine in the infusion is a preliminary withdrawal of caffeine from the plant materia

Popularization of Preventology and the Profession of a Preventorologist through the Creation of a Prevention Center

The presented article describes the analyze the main prerequisites for the creation of the Prevention Center, describes the structure of the Prevention Center, shows the positive role of the Center’s activities as a resource for making projects in the field of preventology, as well as the means for popularizing preventology and the profession “Preventologist”.В статье проанализированы основные предпосылки для создания превентологического центра, описываются структура превентологического центра, цели, задачи, проекты, показана положительная роль деятельности центра как ресурса для реализации проектов в области превентологии, а также средства популяризации превентологии и профессии превентолога

Determination of carotenoids of tomato fruits of different colors

A method for the determination of the composition of carotenoids of tomato fruits of different colors is proposed using a combination of spectrophotometry and chromatography. An explanation of the elution order of mono-cis-isomers of lycopene under the conditions of reversed-phase chromatography on traditional “monomeric” reversed C18-phases is proposed for the first time. It was found that, for prolycopene, (7Z, 9Z, 7'Z, 9'Z)-lycopene, which is responsible for the orange color of fruits, there is an almost imperceptible transition in normal examination in the vibronic structure of the electronic absorption spectrum with the lowest energy, λmax(1) = 486.2 n

BASING OF METHOD OF INCREASE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH OCCUPATIONAL CHRONIC BRONCHITIS BY FOODS WITH HIGHER LEVELS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

We determined higher effectiveness of rehabilitation in comparison with control group by subjective and objective indices (biochemical, immunological and. clinical); increase of life quality on 60 % of patients with occupational chronic bronchitis at the including of natural concentrated food substances with increased content of biologically active substances with apparent antioxidative characteristics in complex

The collection of oat genetic resources held by VIR as a source of information on the history of cultivation and taxonomy of the genus, and breeding trends (a review)

Oat is one of the leading cereals cultivated in the world and in Russia; it has an important fodder and nutritional value. To preserve the entire crop agrobiodiversity worldwide, there is a network of genebanks that hold more than 200,000 oat accessions. International and national genebanks are located in all the world’s countries, but one of the largest oat collections is located in Russia.The global collection of the genus Avena L. (Oats) at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) is one of the largest worldwide and consists of over 13,000 accessions. The collection preserves and maintains live accessions of all cultivated oat species: A. sativa L., A. byzantina K. Koch, A. strigosa Schreb. and A. abyssinica Hochst., landraces, breeding lines, spring and winter forms, covered and naked genotypes, and all geographic diversity of 22 wild Avena spp. from 50 countries. This review provides historical background of the collection of cultivated and wild oat species, and who were the main donors of these holdings. The taxonomic system of the genus is briefly presented, which is used as a tool for efficient work and guaranteed safe preservation of accessions. Most of the cultivars developed in Russia have in their pedigree accessions obtained from the global collection of VIR. The passport database contains detailed information about all accessions of the collection, which makes it possible to improve the work with the oat collection, including safe preservation of accessions and their effective evaluation and use as source material for breeding in the leading breeding centers of Russia.Thus, the global oat collection at VIR has factual and potential value for the sustainable development of environmentally friendly agriculture, efficient processing of agricultural products, and production of safe and high-quality food products, including functional foods